大清銅幣，學名清代機制銅圓，錢面中央有“大清銅幣”四個漢字，內嵌一小字代表地名，上端是滿文“大清銅幣”字樣，兩側為年份。邊緣中間分別“戶部”二漢字，下端為“當制錢十文”。錢背中央為蟠龍，上端是“光緒(或宣統)年造”，下端英文“Tai-Ching Ti-Kuo Copper Coin”字樣(大清帝國銅幣)。
各地鑄造比較統一。鑄造始於1900年（清光緒二十六年），止於1911年（宣統三年），流通時間較短。因其版面設計優雅，雕刻精良，且存世量極為稀少，大清銅幣光緒年戶部造當十被譽為中國近代制幣中的十大名譽品之一。
大清銅幣版式繁多，尤以當十者為最。多位清帝在位時發行過銅幣來作為流通貨幣，銅幣的使用具有重要的現實意義和歷史意義，使交易逐漸便利起來。而如今，大清銅幣也具有一定的收藏價值，許多收藏家對大清銅幣愛不釋手，而收集多種多樣的銅幣已經成為了他們的目標。
1906年（光緒三十二年）7月， 清政府處戶部又奏請朝廷， 擬將當時全國24處銅元局， 酌量歸併為九處， 如折中所述：“然中國幅員遼闊， 若如全國僅設一廠，轉運恐形不便，惟有相度地勢之拼。除臣部所設總廠外，擬以山東歸併直隸為一廠，湖南歸併湖北為一廠，江西、安徽、江蘇、清江並歸江寧一廠，浙江歸併福建為一廠， 廣西歸併廣東為一廠。合奉天、河南、 四川、雲南四廠，共九處， 皆歸臣部統轄，調劑盈虛， 彼此均可勻撥。”在歸併銅元局得以順利實施的同時，又限定各省每日鑄造銅元數額，以避免重蹈濫造的覆轍。此後，清政府將戶部改稱“度支部”，命各省造幣廠改稱度支部造幣分廠，欲統而治之，鞏固中央造幣集權。
Qing copper coin, scientific name of Qing dynasty mechanism copper coin, has four Chinese characters "Qing copper coin" in the center of the coin surface, with a small character embedded to represent the place name, and the Manchu word "Qing copper coin" on the top and the year on both sides. In the middle of the edge are two Chinese characters "household department" and at the lower end are "ten Chinese characters for making money". The central part of Qian Bei is a coiled dragon, the upper part is "made in Guangxu (or Xuantong) year" and the lower part is English "Tai-Ching Ti-Kuo Copper Coin" (copper coin of Qing empire).
Foundry is relatively uniform throughout the country. Founding began in 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty) and ended in 1911 (the 3rd year of Xuantong reign). The circulation time was relatively short. Because of its elegant layout, excellent carving, and extremely rare existence in the world, the Qing Dynasty bronze coins were made in the Guangxu period by the household department and were honored as one of the ten most famous coins in modern China.
There are many types of copper coins in Qing Dynasty, especially the ten. A number of Qing emperors issued copper coins as currency during their reign. The use of copper coins has important practical and historical significance, making the transaction more convenient. Today, the Qing copper coins also have certain collection value. Many collectors are fond of the Qing copper coins, and collecting a variety of copper coins has become their goal.
In July 1906 (the 32nd year of Guangxu's reign), the Qing government's household department invited the government to merge the 24 copper and yuan bureaus in the country at that time into nine. as stated in the compromise: "however, China is a vast country, if only one factory is set up in the country, transportation will be inconvenient, and only the terrain can be matched. In addition to the general factory set up by the minister department, it is planned to merge Shandong into Zhili as a factory, Hunan into Hubei as a factory, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Qingjiang into Jiangning as a factory, Zhejiang into Fujian as a factory, and Guangxi into Guangdong as a factory. There are altogether nine factories in Fengtian, Henan, Sichuan and Yunnan, all under the jurisdiction of the minister's department, which can adjust surplus and deficiency and allocate them to each other. " The successful implementation of the merger of the copper yuan bureau also limited the amount of copper yuan to be cast in each province every day to avoid the mistake of making it indiscriminately. Since then, the Qing government changed the name of the household department to "Du Branch" and ordered the coin factories of all provinces to be renamed Du Branch's coin factories in order to consolidate the centralization of the central coinage.
這一時期銅元的顯著特點，正面均鈐有漢文“大清銅幣”字樣，左右邊緣分列“戶部”和干支紀年文字， 後期去掉“戶部”， 僅留干支紀年文字， 上緣列滿文“大清銅幣”， 下緣列紀值文字; 背面為統一蟠龍， 又稱“部頒龍”或“大清龍”， 上緣前期為“光緒年造”、後期為“宣統年造”字樣，下緣為英文“TAI—CIIING—TI—KUO COPPER COIN”， 漢譯為“大清帝國銅幣”。戶部所鑄銅元正面中央無文字，各省所鑄銅元正面中央鑄一陰文單省名，也有個別為陽文以示區別。
清代機制銅圓的鑄造由廣東伊始，1900年（光緒二十六年），兩廣總督德壽與前總督李鴻章奏準仿香港銅仙鑄造機制銅圓。機制銅圓較之方孔銅錢鑄造精良，市商樂用，流通順暢。次年，清政府即諭令沿江沿海各省准許仿鑄。爾後，全國各地紛紛開機鑄造銅圓。故當十銅圓的鑄造地各異，這是區分不同當十銅圓的最明顯特徵。
“大清銅幣”當十銅圓共有十九個省局鑄造。除中央戶部鑄造者外，地方各省所鑄銅圓，皆在其正面中央鐫刻陰文或陽文省名簡稱。計有：1、中央戶部；2、直；3、吉；4、奉；5、汴；6、鄂；7、湘；8、川；9、雲；10、滇；11、川滇；12、贛；13、閩；14、粵；15、浙；16、蘇；17、皖；18、東；19、寧。其中，吉字最少；川滇、雲字次之；滇、贛、蘇、浙、東字再次之；餘皆多見。
清代鑄造機制銅圓訖1900年（光緒二十六年）始，至1911年（宣統三年）止，歷時十餘年。1900年廣東開鑄銅圓之後，清政府諭令沿江沿海各省仿鑄時，並未規定統一的格式。全國各地皆自行開模鑄造，各行其是。因此，大多未曾鐫刻紀年，僅江南、江蘇、奉天三省，除鑄造無紀年當十銅圓之外，另鑄造了數種干支紀年銅圓。其中，江南鑄有壬寅（光緒二十八年，1902年）、癸卯（光緒二十九年，1903年）、甲辰（光緒三十年，1904年）、乙巳（光緒三十一年，1905年）四種年號當十銅圓；江蘇鑄有壬寅、癸卯兩種年號當十銅圓；奉天鑄有癸卯、甲辰、乙巳、丙午（光緒三十二年，1906年）四種年號當十銅圓。 1906年，清政府下令停鑄“光緒元寶”，改鑄“大清銅幣”，並頒佈統一的祖模，命各地仿鑄。故全國共二十個省局鑄造的“大清銅幣”，盡皆鐫鑄干支年號，無一例外。現存世的清代“大清銅幣”當十，共發現乙巳、丙午、丁未（光緒三十三年，1907年）、戊申（光緒三十四年，1908年）、己酉（宣統元年，1909年）、辛亥（宣統三年，1911年）六種年號。
清代末期中央政府明文規定鑄造銅圓的材質為以紅銅97%--98.3%、鋅2-3%、錫1%以及其他配合，此含銅量為普通版別，當時的官版為銅含量75%-85%之間，大多省局鑄造的當十銅圓是合乎規定的紅銅圓；而且，大多省局鑄造的當十銅圓是合乎規定的紅銅圓，但是，仍有部分省局鑄造了含銅量僅佔七成的黃銅圓。
The distinctive feature of the copper coins in this period is that the front is inscribed with the words "Qing copper coins" in Chinese, and the left and right edges are divided into "household department" and "gan zhi Ji nian". in the later period, "household department" is removed, leaving only the words of gan zhi Ji nian. the upper edge is inscribed with the words "Qing copper coins" and the lower edge is inscribed with the words of Ji value. On the back is the unified dragon, also known as the "ministerial dragon" or "Qing dragon". the upper edge is made in the early Guangxu period, the later is made in the xuantong period, and the lower edge is English "tai-ciiing-ti-kuo copper coin", which is translated into Chinese as "copper coin of Qing empire". The central part of the front face of the copper yuan cast by the household department has no characters, while the central part of the front face of the copper yuan cast by each province has a single provincial name in yin, and some of them are in yang to show the difference.
From the beginning of Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty to 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu's reign), Governor De Shou of Guangdong and Guangxi and former Governor Li Hongzhang made a copy of Hong Kong's copper fairy to cast the bronze round. Compared with square-hole copper coins, machine-made copper coins are better cast, and are used for business and pleasure in the city, with smooth circulation. The following year, the Qing government ordered the provinces along the river and the coast to allow imitation casting. After that, all parts of the country started casting copper round. Therefore, when the casting sites of the ten copper circles are different, this is the most obvious feature to distinguish different ten copper circles.
The "Qing copper coin" was cast in 19 provincial bureaus when it was ten copper coins. In addition to the central household department casting, local provinces cast copper round, are engraved on the front of the central yin or yang province name abbreviation. There are: 1. Central Household Department; 2. Straight; 3. Kyrgyzstan; 4. Bong; 5. Bian; 6. Hubei; 7. Hunan; 8. Sichuan; 9. Clouds; 10. Yunnan; 11. Sichuan and Yunnan; 12. Jiangxi; 13. Fujian; 14. Guangdong; 15. Zhejiang; 16. Su; 17. Anhui; 18. East; 19. Ning. Among them, auspicious words are the least. Sichuan, Yunnan and Yunzi take second place. Yunnan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and East again. I see more than one.
It took more than ten years from 1900 (the 26th year of Guangxu reign) to 1911 (the 3rd year of Xuantong reign) for the Qing Dynasty to produce the bronze round. After Guangdong started casting copper round in 1900, the Qing government did not stipulate a uniform format when ordering the provinces along the river and the coast to imitate casting. All parts of the country have their own mold-opening and casting operations. As a result, most of them have not been inscribed with a calendar. Only the three provinces of Jiangnan, Jiangsu and Fengtian have cast a number of bronze circles of the main branches and years in addition to the ten bronze circles without a calendar. Among them, Renyin (28th year of Guangxu, 1902), Guimao (29th year of Guangxu, 1903), Jiachen (30th year of Guangxu, 1904) and Yisi (31st year of Guangxu, 1905) were cast in the south of the Yangtze River with four titles of ten copper coins. Jiangsu has Renyin and Guimao as ten bronze circles. Fengtian has cast ten copper coins with four titles: Gui Mao, Jia Chen, Yi Si and Bing Wu (Guangxu 32 years, 1906). In 1906, the Qing government ordered the casting of "Guangxu silver ingot" to be stopped and replaced with "Qing copper coins" and issued a unified ancestor mold, ordering all localities to imitate the casting. Therefore, all the "Qing copper coins" cast by 20 provincial bureaus in the country are inscribed with the year numbers of the branches, without exception. The existing Qing dynasty "Qing copper coins" numbered ten, with six titles found: yi si, bing Wu, ding Wei (33 years of Guangxu, 1907), Wu Shen (34 years of Guangxu, 1908), Ji you (first year of Xuantong, 1909) and Xin hai (third year of Xuantong, 1911).
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the central government expressly stipulated that the materials used for casting copper circles were 97%-98.3% red copper, 2-3% zinc, 1% tin and other combinations. The copper content was the ordinary version. At that time, the official version was 75%-85% copper. Most provincial bureaus cast the ten copper circles as qualified red copper circles. In addition, most provincial bureaus have forged red copper round when ten copper round is in line with regulations, but some provincial bureaus have still forged brass round with copper content of only 70%.
現已在存世的當十銅圓中發現，四川、奉天、湖南、湖北、浙江、江西、北洋、山東、河南、福建等省局鑄造的黃銅圓。其中，奉天造當十銅圓絕大部分是黃銅質，紅銅者極少。四川、湖南、浙江三省造黃銅圓，現存世相對較多，尚不難覓。其餘省局鑄造的黃銅質當十銅圓，存世極其罕少，現今已可遇而不可求。
次組大清銅幣當十銅幣一組四枚，包漿渾厚，傳承有序特徵明顯，品相極佳，隨著時間的推移，古代錢幣也隨之悄然的流失，逐漸的減少，並且古代錢幣有著不可複製的特性。因此，人們逐漸意識到錢幣收藏的意義和價值。
Now it has been found in the existing ten bronze circles, the brass circles forged by Sichuan, Fengtian, Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Beiyang, Shandong, Henan and Fujian provinces. Among them, most of the ten copper circles made in Fengtian are yellow copper, and few are red copper. Sichuan, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces have made brass circles, which are relatively abundant in the existing world and are still hard to find. The yellow copper cast by other provincial bureaus is ten copper rounds, which is extremely rare in the world and is now available but not available.
The second group of Qing copper coins is made up of four coins in a group of ten coins, with thick paste, obvious characteristics of orderly inheritance and excellent quality. With the passage of time, the ancient coins have been quietly lost and gradually reduced, and the ancient coins have the characteristics of non-duplication. Therefore, people gradually realize the significance and value of coin collection.
歡迎喜歡此藏品的各界愛家諮詢學習交流，亦歡迎洽談洽購！
